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Space and weight-saving batteries with lithium iron phosphate technology from Victron
Why lithium iron phosphate?
The lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4 or LFP) battery is the safest of the regular lithium iron battery types. The nominal voltage of an LFP cell is 3.2V (lead acid: 2V/cell). A 12.8V LFP battery therefore consists of 4 cells connected in series and a 25.6V battery consists of 8 cells connected in series.
Robust
A lead-acid battery will fail prematurely due to sulfation in the following cases:
- If it is operated in an undercharged state for a long time (i.e. if the battery is rarely or never fully charged).
- If left in a partially charged or worse, fully discharged state (yacht or camper during the winter).
An LFP battery does not need to be fully charged. The service life increases even slightly when the battery is partially charged instead of fully charged. This is a significant advantage of LFP batteries compared to lead-acid batteries.
Other advantages relate to the wide operating temperature range, excellent cycling, low internal resistance and high efficiency (see below).
The LFP battery is therefore the best choice for demanding use.
Efficient
In many applications (especially off-grid solar and/or wind power plants), the energy efficiency can be of crucial importance.
The energy efficiency of a charging cycle (discharging from 100% to 0% and recharging to 100%) of an average lead-acid battery is around 80%. In contrast, the energy efficiency of a charging cycle of an LFP battery is 92%.
The charging process of a lead-acid battery becomes particularly inefficient when the 80% state of charge has been reached. This leads to energy efficiencies of only 50%.
In the case of solar systems, this value is even lower, since there energy reserves are required for several days (the battery is in operation with a state of charge between 70% and 100%).
An LFP battery, on the other hand, still achieves 90% energy efficiency even when it is in a shallow discharge state.
Height and weight
Space savings of up to 70% Weight savings of up to 70%
Expensive?
LFP batteries are expensive compared to lead-acid batteries. However, the higher acquisition costs will more than pay off in demanding applications due to the longer service life, the high reliability and the excellent energy efficiency.
Bluetooth
Cell voltages, temperature and alarm status can be monitored via Bluetooth. This is very useful to detect a (possible) problem like cell imbalance.
Battery Management System (BMS)
The BMS can be connected to the BTVs and its most important functions concern:
- interrupting or switching off the load if the voltage of a battery cell falls below 2.5 V.
- stopping the charging process if the voltage of a battery cell rises above 4.2 V.
- Switching off the system if the cell temperature exceeds 50 C.
Victron LFP batteries have an integrated cell balancing and cell monitoring function. Up to ten batteries can be connected in parallel and up to four batteries in series, so that a 48 V battery bank with up to 3000 Ah can be assembled.You can find an example wiring in the product images. The cables for the cell balancing/monitoring function can be linked together and must be connected to a battery management system (BMS).
Technical data:
